91-04: Fail-Safe Cooling Water Operations Natural Draft Towers virtually all reclaim waters contain

virtually all reclaim waters contain elevated concentrations of ammonia

For example

A number of biocides were screened for their ability to inhibit growth of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in both a mineral salts medium and the cooling water in a series of laboratory tests

The author has been personally involved in these type failures on multiple occasions over the past years

91-04: Fail-Safe Cooling Water Operations Natural Draft Towers virtually all reclaim waters containProper attention to cooling water systems operating and control parameters, and quick response to early warning signs of impending trouble can usually prevent sudden or unexpected problems. Cooling water programs and corresponding operating parameters must be evaluated and selected carefully, based on practical systems conditions. Regular chemical testing and trending of data will highlight undesirable effects before they become serious using the